{"id":19032,"date":"2024-05-30T09:40:33","date_gmt":"2024-05-30T09:40:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/?p=19032"},"modified":"2024-05-30T09:40:35","modified_gmt":"2024-05-30T09:40:35","slug":"no-ai-user-research-is-not-better-than-nothing-its-much-worse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/articles\/no-ai-user-research-is-not-better-than-nothing-its-much-worse","title":{"rendered":"No, AI User Research is Not \u201cBetter Than Nothing\u201d\u2014It\u2019s Much Worse"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>Lead banner: The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allegory_of_the_cave\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">allegory of the cave<\/a>\u00a0is an apt metaphor for the usefulness of hallucinated research findings<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"63f6\">There is an invisible reader of every article, whose gaze counts for far more than 1 view, 1 read, or 1 \u201clike.\u201d That reader is, of course, the algorithm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"d232\">Between search engines\u2019 page-ranking algorithms and the algorithmic feeds of closed platforms, its silent influence\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.semrush.com\/blog\/seo-writing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">warps the way we write<\/a>: shorter articles, more frequent publications, more links, and more images.\u00a0We write for humans, but if we want humans to see what we\u2019ve written, we must write for machines first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"e735\">In a way, the paradigm of UX is the opposite. We create experiences for users (it\u2019s in the name) and technology is leveraged in service of that goal. If the product doesn\u2019t do the job, the user will&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/hbr.org\/2016\/09\/know-your-customers-jobs-to-be-done\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">fire it<\/a>&nbsp;and pick another.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"b9a0\">So imagine my frustration as design, with no omnipotent stakeholder to appease,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/feed\/update\/urn:li:activity:7155981724668108800\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">knuckles under the algorithm voluntarily<\/a>. Design leaders are increasingly advocating for substituting parts of the design process with AI, on the basis that it\u2019s \u201cbetter than nothing\u201d or \u201cmore efficient\u201d (conveniently forgetting who is responsible for&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/spavel.medium.com\/scaling-the-design-ladder-1-seeing-like-a-designer-3b8c77214c9c\">design having that \u201cnothing\u201d<\/a>&nbsp;in the first place).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"1d05\">The whole point of design is solving the problems that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/10447318.2021.1925436\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">linear, mechanical thinking can\u2019t<\/a>. If we normalize turning to LLMs for our understanding of user needs, we give up our claim on being \u201cchampions for the user\u201d and set off a race to the bottom that will see the design process, just like the publishing process, taken over by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/scammy-ai-generated-books-flooding-amazon\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">AI-generated<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/2024\/01\/18\/why-is-google-search-so-bad-spam-links-seo-ai-algorithm\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">sludge<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"520\" src=\"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image-12.png\" alt=\"A cop at a skating rink tells a student: Not everything is on a computer, freshman\" class=\"wp-image-19038\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image-12.png 1000w, https:\/\/uxmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image-12-300x156.png 300w, https:\/\/uxmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image-12-768x399.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scrapsfromtheloft.com\/tv-series\/true-detective-s04e03-part-3-transcript\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>True Detective \u2014 S04E03<\/em><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p id=\"56ea\">Appeals to quality, accuracy, and so forth haven\u2019t worked for writers, and won\u2019t work for designers. Only one argument will: Algorithm-driven design will lose companies a lot of money.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fa39\">Software-as-a-business<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p id=\"1040\">\u201cDesign is only as human-centered as the business model allows.\u201d \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/mule-design\/a-three-part-plan-to-save-the-world-98653a20a12f\">Erika Hall<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"6498\">Just like everything else about AI tooling, this is not a new conversation but rather a continuation of a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/s\/user-friendly\/whats-the-roi-of-ux-c47defb033d2\">very old one<\/a>. Namely: designers cost money, and so they better make us some money.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"73ce\">So let\u2019s talk about the money. Businesses make money when they sell (or in the case of SaaS, rent out) something that they produce. But outputs aren\u2019t born equal. The important distinction for our purposes is between&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.extension.iastate.edu\/agdm\/wholefarm\/html\/c5-203.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">products and commodities<\/a>. Commodities, unlike products, are fungible \u2014 every sack of grain or bag of concrete is essentially the same, while even something as standardized as a web browser or text editor will have people up in arms if you so much as suggest that they are interchangeable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"4f19\">Tech made its trillions in the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/software-development-commodity-ezequiel-mariano-gorbatik\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">product game<\/a>, convincing customers that the output they were selling was innovative, unique, never seen before. They could charge an enormous markup for products that couldn\u2019t simply be compared&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thrv.com\/blog\/stop-the-downward-spiral-of-feature-to-feature-comparison\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">feature-by-feature<\/a>&nbsp;to competitors, and invest the profits into hiring employees who were innovators and could come up with more unique, never-seen-before ideas to sell.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"781\" src=\"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image-11.png\" alt=\"Two CDs with a \u201cnot equals\u201d sign in between them\" class=\"wp-image-19037\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image-11.png 1400w, https:\/\/uxmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image-11-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/uxmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image-11-1024x571.png 1024w, https:\/\/uxmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image-11-768x428.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Well-researched, well-designed, well-built software doesn\u2019t behave like a commodity.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p id=\"125d\">In the commodity game, on the other hand,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.practicalecommerce.com\/a-model-for-choosing-products-to-sell\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">markup is impossible<\/a>. When your 2&#215;4 wooden board is identical to your competitor\u2019s 2&#215;4 wooden board, you pretty much have to charge the same price, and the only way to increase your profit is by decreasing the cost per unit. Driving efficiency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"e298\">What do you think will happen if all the tech companies outsource their idea generation to the same place? Trying to double down on efficiency by substituting unique human innovators with interchangeable insights from a commoditized robot will turn their software into commodities as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"d697\">Design in the age of algorithmic reproduction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p id=\"03be\">\u201cWhat is really jeopardized by reproduction is the authority of the object.\u201d \u2014&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.mit.edu\/allanmc\/www\/benjamin.pdf\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Walter Benjamin<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"cff9\">There are two objections that (much like GPT outputs) are so common they are themselves practically commodities, that inevitably crop up in defense of AI \u201cdesign.\u201d AI skeptics will say: We will only use the LLM as a starting point, or to bounce off ideas, and verify its work. And AI boosters will say: Our model won\u2019t have this problem, it will be uniquely high-quality because we will train it ourselves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"9633\">These positions may seem on opposite ends of the spectrum, but they can be brushed away with the same answer: product orgs don\u2019t work that way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"1335\">One of my favorite questions to ask in design critique is \u201cwhat do users do today?\u201d It is an instructive question to ask here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"13ac\">Do product teams maintain careful&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/uxdesign.cc\/decision-provenance-is-a-requirement-for-two-way-door-decision-making-c24015c6b02a\">decision provenance<\/a>&nbsp;so that they can remember where their facts came from and what decisions relied on them, or do they suffer from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/economics.harvard.edu\/files\/economics\/files\/wilson_spring_2016.pdf\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">source amnesia<\/a>&nbsp;where assumptions made years ago become&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mathwashing.com\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">entrenched as facts<\/a>?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"2599\">Do product teams do research to disprove their assumptions, or solely to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/boingboing.net\/2018\/07\/25\/behavioral-statistical-economi.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">validate<\/a>&nbsp;them? Do product teams treat research&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/terem.tech\/dont-confuse-product-validation-with-product-research\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">as a loop<\/a>, or a phase that, once done, need not be revisited again?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"f2ca\">And what kind of people are looking to AI for help: the ones with the robust research process, or the ones\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/staging.bsky.app\/profile\/dfisman.bsky.social\/post\/3kktzl3vhy72m\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">most interested<\/a>\u00a0in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/qz.com\/chat-gpt-open-ai-legal-cases-1851214411\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">skipping due diligence<\/a>? The ones who are willing to make a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/futurism.com\/the-byte\/openai-losing-money-chatgpt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">colossal investment<\/a>\u00a0into their research practice, or the ones who want to cut budgets\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.zdnet.com\/article\/chatgpt-can-leak-source-data-violate-privacy-says-googles-deepmind\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">and corners<\/a>?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fc6c\">The purpose of a system is what it does<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p id=\"a970\">\u201cThe repercussions of bad research are more severe than you might imagine.\u201d \u2014&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bootcamp.uxdesign.cc\/bad-research-why-any-research-at-any-cost-is-not-better-than-none-836db73780fe\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Martiina Gilchrist<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"00d4\">Ultimately, the decision about whether or not to \u201cstreamline\u201d research comes back to the same notorious question asked about design:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/miniver.blogspot.com\/2023\/05\/roi-faustian-bargains-in-design.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">what is the ROI<\/a>? What\u2019s so valuable about research that we have to spend time and money on it?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"e503\">The answer is: the voice of the customer. But I\u2019m using that term a little bit more literally than most.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"35ba\">What\u2019s normally referred to as \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.inc.com\/john-koetsier\/why-every-amazon-meeting-has-at-least-one-empty-chair.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">voice of the customer<\/a>\u201d is \u201cphrasing statements that sound like our customer would say.\u201d The problem with that view is, as any user researcher knows all too well, \u201cwould\u201d is not reliable. We don\u2019t ask \u201cwould you..?\u201d \u2014 we ask \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.userinterviews.com\/ux-research-field-guide-chapter\/user-research-questions\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">how have you\u2026?<\/a>\u201d The only voice of the customer that&nbsp;<em>really&nbsp;<\/em>matters is what actual customers \u2014 with eyeballs and index fingers and wallets \u2014 have said. Verbatim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"f16e\">Execs often recoil when they hear this, claiming \u201cwe need to stay broad to maximize our market\u201d \u2014 but that is a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/gomcintyre.com\/everyone-is-not-your-target-audience\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">101-level mistake<\/a>. Focusing on one person\u2019s understanding of their problem isn\u2019t constraining your solution\u2019s appeal. In fact, it is the opposite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"ef37\">The movie Objectified explains how IDEO designed an&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2009\/05\/08\/movies\/08obje.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">accessible and highly popular toothbrush<\/a>&nbsp;by focusing specifically on the needs of small children learning to brush, rather than \u201call people with teeth.\u201d Alan Cooper went even further when he&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/onezero.medium.com\/in-1983-i-created-secret-weapons-for-interactive-design-d154eb8cfd58\">designed the program Plan*It<\/a>&nbsp;with&nbsp;<em>just one<\/em>&nbsp;person in mind \u2014 someone he actually met and spoke to.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"364f\">Compared with the incredible value of things customers have actually said, things that&nbsp;<em>sound like<\/em>&nbsp;customers&nbsp;<em>might<\/em>&nbsp;say them are worthless. And yet that\u2019s exactly what LLMs do \u2014 produce text that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/clivethompson.medium.com\/on-bullshit-and-ai-generated-prose-611a0f899c5\">appears plausible<\/a>. An LLM can\u2019t talk about the last time it had to accomplish a task. It\u2019s impossible to drill-down to understand how the use of a product intersects with its context because it has no lived experience. Unlike a human being, varying your prompting will never reveal anything that isn\u2019t already in the model \u2014 the insight that separates products from commodities. All the model can do is put those words in a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.spydergrrl.com\/2018\/03\/ux-theatre-are-you-just-acting-like.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">synthetic mouth<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"bdfd\">And there is one more very important difference between an LLM and a customer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"fe60\">The LLM can\u2019t buy your product.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lead banner: The\u00a0allegory of the cave\u00a0is an apt metaphor for the usefulness of hallucinated research findings There is an invisible reader of every article, whose gaze counts for far more than 1 view, 1 read, or 1 \u201clike.\u201d That reader is, of course, the algorithm. Between search engines\u2019 page-ranking algorithms and the algorithmic feeds of<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2667,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"topics":[14,147,33,92,150],"class_list":{"0":"post-19032","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-uncategorized","7":"topics-artificial-intelligence","8":"topics-defining-ai","9":"topics-direct-observation-research","10":"topics-research-methods-and-techniques","11":"topics-the-evolution-of-research","12":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v18.2.1 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>No, AI User Research is Not \u201cBetter Than Nothing\u201d\u2014It\u2019s Much Worse - UX Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Synthetic insights are not research. 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They are the fastest path to destroy the margins on your product.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/uxdesign.cc\/no-ai-user-research-is-not-better-than-nothing-its-much-worse-5add678ab9e7\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"UX Magazine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/uxmag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-05-30T09:40:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-05-30T09:40:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image-12.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Pavel Samsonov\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@uxmag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@uxmag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Pavel Samsonov\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/uxdesign.cc\/no-ai-user-research-is-not-better-than-nothing-its-much-worse-5add678ab9e7#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/articles\/no-ai-user-research-is-not-better-than-nothing-its-much-worse\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Pavel Samsonov\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/#\/schema\/person\/c76d53c9cfa357b30b7e7d7b51103b54\"},\"headline\":\"No, AI User Research is Not \u201cBetter Than Nothing\u201d\u2014It\u2019s Much Worse\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-05-30T09:40:33+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-30T09:40:35+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/articles\/no-ai-user-research-is-not-better-than-nothing-its-much-worse\"},\"wordCount\":1302,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/uxdesign.cc\/no-ai-user-research-is-not-better-than-nothing-its-much-worse-5add678ab9e7#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image-12.png\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/articles\/no-ai-user-research-is-not-better-than-nothing-its-much-worse\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/uxdesign.cc\/no-ai-user-research-is-not-better-than-nothing-its-much-worse-5add678ab9e7\",\"name\":\"No, AI User Research is Not \u201cBetter Than Nothing\u201d\u2014It\u2019s Much Worse - UX Magazine\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/uxdesign.cc\/no-ai-user-research-is-not-better-than-nothing-its-much-worse-5add678ab9e7#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/uxdesign.cc\/no-ai-user-research-is-not-better-than-nothing-its-much-worse-5add678ab9e7#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/uxmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image-12.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-05-30T09:40:33+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-30T09:40:35+00:00\",\"description\":\"Synthetic insights are not research. 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